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Social Media ‘Likes’ Found to Influence Food Choices

Social media users who view images of healthful foods that have been heavily endorsed with “likes” are more likely to make more healthful food choices, a new study has found. 

The research, by psychologists from the College of Health and Life Sciences at Aston University in Birmingham, United Kingdom (UK), found that study participants who viewed highly liked mock Instagram posts of fruit and vegetables ate a significantly higher proportion of grapes than cookies, with consumption of grapes increasing by 14% more calories, compared with those who viewed highly liked high-calorie foods.

The study, published in the journal Appetite, investigated the acute effect of socially endorsed social media posts on participants’ eating behaviors. The 169 participants, who had an average age of 21 (but total ages across the group ranged from 18 to 48), were asked to look at mock Instagram posts of different types of food that had either few or several “likes,” and later were given access to grapes and cookies to consume.

As well as viewing images of fruit and vegetables, participants looked at less nutritious foods such as cakes and cookies and nonfood images such as stylish interior designs. However, the researchers found that the participants went on to consume a larger proportion of grapes after viewing highly liked images of fruit and vegetables, compared with the other images.

Aston University psychology PhD student Lily Hawkins, who led the study alongside supervisor Jason Thomas, PhD, says, “The findings of the study suggest that not only exposure to healthful food images on social media, but those that are also heavily endorsed with ‘likes,’ may nudge people to choose to eat more healthful foods in place of less nutritious foods.”

“What we see others approve of eating and post about eating on social media can affect our actual eating behavior and could result in a greater consumption of healthier meals and snacks,” Hawkins continues. “One reason for this may be because thinking that others ‘like’ and eat fruit and vegetables nudges participants to alter their behavior in order to fit in with what they perceive to be the norm.”

The most recent figures from the UK’s National Health Service Health Survey for England showed that in 2018 only 28% of adults were eating the recommended five portions of fruit and vegetables per day. In Wales, this was 24%; in Scotland, 22%; and in Northern Ireland, around 20%. Children and young people across the UK had even lower levels of fruit and vegetable consumption.

The study findings suggest that social media could be used in the future to encourage more healthful eating by encouraging users to follow more social media accounts that have highly liked nutritionally balanced posts containing healthful foods.

The researchers say the next stage of their work will involve an intervention using real Instagram accounts to test whether asking people to actively follow more social media accounts posting images of highly liked nutritionally rich foods can encourage people to consume more fruit and vegetables over a sustained period of time.

Claire Farrow, PhD, a professor at Aston and director of the university’s Applied Health Research Group, whose work has contributed to the national Child Feeding Guide resource, adds, “We know that social interactions can strongly shape what, when, and how much we eat. These findings highlight the important role that social media has in shaping those influences online.”

She continues, “The findings suggest that people do not simply passively view information about what other people are eating online, but that this digital information can shape our food preferences and choices, particularly when we think lots of other people like certain foods. It’s promising that exposure to healthful foods, and likes of those foods, was related to greater intake of healthful foods.”

“Further research is needed to explore whether and how these findings can be translated into digital interventions to help support individuals who want to make healthier food choices, and to understand how social media platforms can be used as a tool to support healthful eating behavior,” Farrow says.

— Source: Aston University