Fat Behaves Differently in Patients With Polycistic Ovary Syndrome

Fat tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) produces an inadequate amount of the hormone that regulates how fats and glucose are processed, promoting increased insulin resistance and inflammation, glucose intolerance, and greater risk of diabetes and heart disease, according to a study conducted at the Center for Androgen-Related Research and Discovery at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center.

PCOS is the most common hormonal disorder of women of childbearing age, affecting approximately 10% of women. It is the most common cause of infertility, and an important risk factor for early diabetes in women.

“We’re beginning to find that fat tissue behaves very differently in patients with PCOS than in other women,” says Ricardo Azziz, MD,MPH, director of the Center for Androgen-Related Research and Discovery, and principal investigator on the study. “Identifying the unusual behavior of this fat-produced hormone is an important step to better understanding the causes underlying the disorder, and may be helpful in developing treatments that will protect patients against developing heart disease and insulin resistance.”

Fat tissue is the body’s largest hormone-producing organ, secreting a large number of hormones that affect appetite, bowel function, brain function, and fat and sugar metabolism. One of these hormones is adiponectin, which in sufficient quantities encourages the proper action of insulin on fats and sugars and reduces inflammation. Women with PCOS produce a smaller amount of adiponectin than women who do not have the disease, in response to other fat-produced hormones, according to the research in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.

Source: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center