Table 1: Bioethics Topics in 2003 Undergraduate and Graduate Programs
Bioethics Topic
|
Undergraduate Programs (n = 57) |
Graduate Programs (n = 20) |
|
Professional codes of
conduct |
45 |
14 |
|
Patient confidentiality |
46 |
16 |
|
Patient rights |
38 |
16 |
|
Living wills |
38 |
16 |
|
Patient surrogates |
12 |
7 |
|
Withdrawing and
withholding fluids or nourishment |
40 |
12 |
|
Quality of life issues |
42 |
14 |
|
Terminal illness |
33 |
12 |
|
Futility |
9 |
8 |
|
Active euthanasia |
8 |
4 |
|
Passive euthanasia |
11 |
7 |
|
Palliative care |
29 |
10 |
|
Brain death |
16 |
7 |
|
Extraordinary care |
14 |
7 |
|
DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) |
28 |
12 |
|
Beneficence |
16 |
6 |
|
Proxy consent |
14 |
10 |
|
Informed consent |
25 |
11 |
|
Durable power of attorney |
23 |
9 |
|
Professional negligence |
19 |
9 |
|
Role of the registered
dietitian in informal ethics consultation |
35 |
11 |
|
Role of the registered
dietitian in a formal bioethics consultation with medical chart documentation |
10 |
2 |
|
Role of the registered
dietitian as a member of a patient care facility’s bioethics committee |
17 |
5 |
• Module 1:
Professional Codes of Conduct
ADA
codes
Institutional
codes
Patient
confidentiality
Patient
rights
• Module 2: In
the Clinical Environment Euthanasia Laws and Rights
Withdrawing
and withholding liquids and nourishment
Palliative
care
Brain
death
Futility
Legal
terminology
-
Informed consent; proxy consent
-
Durable power of attorney
-
Living will
-
Self-determination
• Module 3:
The Dietitian as a Consultant
In
medical rounds
In
clinical chart notes
In
family care conferences
In
patient education
In
bioethics/ethics committee meetings
Level
A: Preconventional Level
Stage 1. Punishment and Obedience
(Care needs to be given
to prevent job loss)
Stage 2. Individual Instrumental
Purpose and Exchange
(Care needs to be given
because I am getting paid to do so)
Level
B: Conventional Level
Stage 3. Mutual Interpersonal
Expectations, Relationships, and Conformity
(Care needs to be given
because insurance is being paid for the service)
Stage 4. Social System and
Conscience Maintenance
(Care needs to be given
hospitals exist for this reason)
Level
C: Postconventional and Principled
Level
Stage 5. Prior Rights and Social
Contract or Utility
(Care needs to be given
because this is what is expected in society) [HG checking with author]
Stage 6. The Stage of Universal Ethical Principles
(Care will be given to anyone and everyone regardless of
any factor; usually too ideal and unobtainable)